Circulating miRNAs in bone health and disease

microRNAs have evolved as important regulators of multiple biological pathways essential for bone homeostasis, and microRNA research has furthered our understanding the mechanisms underlying health disease. This knowledge, together with finding that active or passive release from cells into extracellular space enables minimal-invasive detection in biofluids (circulating miRNAs), motivated researchers to explore biomarkers several pathologic conditions, including diseases. Thus, exploratory studies cohorts representing different types diseases been performed. In this review, we first summarize molecular basics function provide recommendations best (pre-)analytical practices documentation standards circulating required generating high quality data ensuring reproducibility results. Secondly, review how genesis bone-derived via osteoblasts osteoclasts could contribute communication between these cells. Lastly, evidence clinical investigated utility musculoskeletal disorders. While previous reviews mainly focused on diagnosis primary osteoporosis, also included exploring monitoring anti-osteoporotic treatment other diseases, such diabetic osteopathy, degradation inflammatory monogenetic